Hossein Hatami, Omid Mozafari, Somayeh Zakeri, Fatemeh Kolangi,
Volume 17, Issue 0 (4-2020)
Abstract
Background: Just as breastfeeding is important, breastfeeding is one of the most important stages of mother and baby life. Disregard for this stage of a child's life can have profound effects on the physical and mental health of the child and even the mother. Anxiety, restlessness, weight loss, and disruption of the child's relationship to and trust in the mother are the most common.
Methods: This study was a descriptive review and the content of infant weaning in traditional Iranian medical literature was studied. For this purpose, 8 books were selected from the most prestigious sources of traditional Iranian written medicine and extracted and extracted from the lactation section on how to wean. Then the contents of each title from the extracted notes were put together. The texts were translated with difficult prose simplifications and Arabic texts were finally summarized by summarizing these titles.
Results: In ancient medical texts of Iran, the weaning of the baby from mother was reported. It was believed that the best time for a baby to breastfeed is about one year and nine months to two years of age. The best season is spring and then autumn and weaning are not recommended in the summer heat. Breastfeeding should be gradual and gradually replacing breast-feeding with age-appropriate foods. In the alternative food chain, they have recommended a range of suitable foods, including breadcrumbs, egg yolk with breast milk, chicken breast, and chicken salads. It should be noted when breastfeeding that the child does not become dehydrated, so it is advisable to consume sufficient fluids, including cucumber juice, buttermilk, and purslane juice, as well as preventive measures to be taken with henna on the palm of the hand and head. Breastfeeding with something bitter that does not harm the baby is another recommended procedure.
Conclusions: Studying Iranian traditional medicine texts and using the recommended wisdom (after updating them) along with the current methods used may help in better management of conditions such as in the phase of weaning breastfeeding With the least amount of physical and psychological damage Helps, with specialized recommendations for each individual, tailored to each season, appropriate foods and other harmless recommendations.
Hossein Hatami, Omid Mozafari, Somayeh Zakeri, Fatemeh Kolangi,
Volume 17, Issue 0 (4-2020)
Abstract
Background: since breastfeeding is an important phase, also weaning of mothers milk has special emphasis. Negligence during this stage of a child's life can have profound effects on the physical and mental health of the child and even the mother. Anxiety, restlessness, weight loss, and disruption of the child's relationship to mother and distrust are the most common.
Methods: This is a descriptive review study. The content of infant weaning in view point of Iranian traditional medical manuscripts was studied. For this purpose, 7 books were selected from the most prestigious sources of Iranian medicine and data were extracted from the lactation section on how to wean. Then the contents of each title from the extracted notes were put together. The texts with difficult prose were simplificated and Arabic texts were translated.
Results: In ancient medical texts of Iran, the weaning of the baby from mother was reported. It was believed that the best duration for a baby to breastfeed is about one year and nine months to two years of age. The best season for weaning is spring and then autumn. Weaning is not recommended during summer. Weaning should be donning gradually and breastfeeding should be replaced with age-appropriate foods. For auxiliary food Persian scholars have recommended a range of suitable foods, including breadcrumbs, egg yolk with breast milk and chicken breast. It should be noted during weaning the child does not become dehydrated, so it is advisable to consume sufficient fluids, including cucumber juice, buttermilk, and purslane extract, as well as locally preventive use of henna on the palm of the hand and head. Putting something bitter that was not harmful for baby is another recommendation.
Conclusions: Studying Iranian traditional medicine texts and using the recommended items (after updating them) along with the current methods, may help us for better management of weaning phase with the least physical and psychological damages, based on specialized and harmless recommendations for each individual and each season with appropriate food.
Jamileh Mirzaali, Mohammadali Vakili, Homeira Khoddam,
Volume 17, Issue 1 (4-2020)
Abstract
Background: One of the important criteria in patients receiving artificial respiration is the time of weaning from the mechanical ventilator. As physician’s decision might be somehow subjective, several tools have been suggested for prediction of the time of weaning more objectively. This study aimed to determine the predictive value of Persian Weaning Tool (PWT) compared with Physician- directed approach as the gold standard.
Methods: This diagnostic accuracy study was done in 2016-2017 in Two Medical and Educational Centers of Gorgan, Iran. 97 admitted patients in intensive care units, under mechanical ventilation were evaluated. The patients were recruited into the study by a convenience sampling method and evaluated for readiness to wean using two approaches (physician’s decision and using PWT). Successful weaning was considered as the ability of patient to breathe spontaneously during the first 48 hours after weaning. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), positive likelihood ratio (PLR), and negative likelihood ratio (NLR), as well as the agreement (kappa coefficient) between the two approaches, were calculated. In addition, to compare the differences between variables in two groups, chi-Square, T and man-Whitney tests were used. All analyses were performed using SPSS software ver.16, and MedCalc program ver.13. P<0.05 was considered as statistically significant.
Results: Most patients (64.9%) were men. The mean age, duration of hospital admission, and duration of mechanical ventilation of the participants were 46.49±18.15 years, 67.11±7.14 days, and 31.5±2.5 days, respectively. Weaning was successful in 87.6% of the patients. PWT had a significant agreement with the physician’s choice (kappa coefficient=0.637, P<0.001) with sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, PLR, and NLR of 100%, 50%, 93.4%, 100%, 2, and 0, respectively. The cut-off level of 53 was considered as the best point to improve the diagnostic accuracy to 92.94%, 75%, 96.3%, 60%, 3.72, and 0.094, respectively.
Conclusions: Findings showed that PWT is an accurate tool for predicting the readiness of patients for weaning objectively. This tool can be used as a complementary approach by physicians and other care providers in intensive care units.
