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  Background and Objective: Growing trend of chronic kidney disorders in the world represents the increased problem imposing on patients and their family, and ultimately reduce the quality of their life. ­Thus, dialysis patients are trying to ­increase their quality of lives, in addition to looking for proper treatment. ­ This study was conducted to­ compare the quality of life in hemodialysis patients ( HD) and peritoneal dialysis.­(PD)­

  Materials and Methods: ­ This cross-sectional study was performed on 166 dialysis patients (130 HD and 36 PD patients ) in teaching hospitals of Urmia University of Medical Sciences. The instrument was standard SF-36 questionnaire including demographic part and 36 questions about quality of life. To analyze the data , we used descriptive statistic and independent T- test.

  Results: Most of the participants (n=97) are female and most of HD (43.8%) and PD (50%) patients are in 26-45 and 15-25 age bracket, respectively. The mean of QOL score in HD patients in physical function, role function and mental health sections is more than the mean of PD (P<0.05).

  Conclusion:­ According to the results of the present study, QOL in HD is better than that PD. Hence, recognition of level of QOL in chronic renal failure, and research about promoting ways of QOL is necessary to step practically forward increasing QOL.

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Background and objective: The rate of end-stage renal disorder (ESRD) in Iran, 12%, is more than the worldwide range. The people with Hemodialysis are greatly under physical, mental and social pressures that make the acceptance of Hemodialysis difficult. Since the acceptance can be the beginning point of adaptation, this study aimed to explore the challenge in acceptance of Hemodialysis.
Material and Methods: This grounded theory study was undertaken in the Hemodialysis wards of the hospitals affiliated with Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in Tehran. The first samples were selected via purposive sampling and the later ones with theoretical sampling till data saturation (N=24).‌ Semi-structured interview, field notes and memos were used for data collection. The data was analyzed by using Strauss and Corbin method. Data rigor was confirmed by Lincoln and Goba criteria, considering ethical points. Results: The challenge in acceptance of Hemodialysis emerged the categories of acceptance (by force, experience, reasoning or social norms) and lack of acceptance (subjective or objective) of necessity of Hemodialysis as well as their related codes.
 Conclusion: The people on Hemodialysis encounter a challenge for acceptance of Hemodialysis. Education as well as personal, familial and social supports can resolve this challenge by changing lack of acceptance (subjective or objective) or acceptance by force to acceptance (by experience, reasoning or social norms).

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Background and Objective: Cool temperature dialysate has been recommended to improve hypotension during dialysis. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the effect of lowering the dialysate temperature on intradialytic hypotension (IDH) and some interventions in patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD). Material and Methods: This randomized controlled trial with a cross over design was conducted on 50 patients divided into two equal groups. Each group was dialyzed for two periods of 12 HD sessions, once with standard temperature (37°C) and in the next period with cool dialysate (35.5°C). Blood pressure and the related interventions were noted during each dialysis. The Data was analyzed using Chi-square, McNemar, Independent and Paired T Tests.